烏克蘭格裏夫納

烏克蘭格裏夫納簡介
　　烏克蘭貨幣單位爲格裏夫納。格裏夫納(（烏克蘭文）гривня; （俄文）гривна; 中國簡稱: 格 / 格裏)，烏克蘭貨幣單位。於1996年9月2號, 前蘇聯解體後爲取代karbovanets(烏克蘭盧布)而由烏克蘭國家銀行發行, 當時以1 гри對100'000 karbovanets進行替換.

　　格裏夫納繼承了盧布的"分"的單位，格裏夫納的貨幣符號爲烏克蘭國家銀行於2003年舉辦的設計比賽中選出的冠軍作品. 此符號的設計意念爲草寫的烏克蘭文西裏爾字母г(音he), 中央加上兩條水平直线, 象徵“穩定”。格裏夫納的西裏爾字母縮寫爲 "грн." (hrn.). 其國際貨幣代號 - ISO 4217 Code是UAH 或 980. 格裏夫尼亞的符號(unicode U+20B4)已經被整理進2005年發布的Unicode 4.1版。

　　可惜的是截至2006年гривня的貨幣符號仍舊不爲大部分烏克蘭人流傳, 不少商店還是在價錢的數目後以縮寫грн或UAH表示貨幣單位, 新貨幣符號甚至不見於2004年至2006年新設計及發行的鈔票上.

　　發行面額有一、二、五、十、二十、五十、一百、二百，一格裏夫納等於一百戈比，戈比面額有一、二、五、十、二十五和五十。獨立後的第二年，烏克蘭發行盧布代用庫邦"，並逐步擴大"庫邦"的使用範圍，使其向正式貨幣"格裏夫納"過渡。1996年9月烏克蘭中央銀行正式發行格裏夫納，並宣布與俄羅斯盧布、美元等外幣實行自由兌換。近幾年來，格裏夫納與美元的匯率幾經大幅波動之後，逐步趨向穩定。1999年底，格裏夫納與美元的比價爲5.2:1。2000年，烏克蘭應償付的外債爲30億美元。據世界銀行的資料，烏克蘭1998年的人均國民生產總值爲850美元。
The history of the currency of the Ukraine
Following Ukrainian independence in 1991, the Ukrainian karbovanets replaced the Soviet ruble at par in 1992, with the ISO 4217 code being UAK. The karbovanets suffered from very high inflation and was replaced by the hryvnia in 1996, at a rate of 100,000 karbovantsi = 1 hryvnia. When the hryvnia was introduced in 1996, a 15 day exchange period was in effect from September 2-16, 1996, during which both the karbovanets and hryvnia were in circulation. The use of the karbovanets for all kinds of payments stopped completely after September 1996 and the only accepted currency after was the hryvnia.

The hryvnia or Ukrainian: гривня, has been the national currency of Ukraine since 1996, one hryvnia is divided into 100 kopiykas (singular коп?йка, plural коп?йок (kopiyok)).

Prices in the Ukraine are commonly written using the hryvnia sign, which looks like a backwards S with two horizontal bars through it. Not much thought seems to have been given to that fact that most computers cannot render the hryvnia sign properly. Sometimes the currency is abbreviated using "грн", the Ukrainian letters HRN. The hryvnia's ISO 4217 currency code is UAH.

Coins are currently issued in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 kopiyok and 1 hryvnia. Banknotes come in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 hryven. All Hryven banknotes issued since 1992 remain legal tender although the National Bank of the Ukraine is gradually withdrawing from circulation all banknotes from the first series dated in 1992. Old banknotes issued in karbovanets are no loger redeemable, their only value is to collectors.

From 1920-1942 and from 1945-1991, the Ukraine used the banknotes and coins of the Soviet Union.Click here to see the notes of the former Soviet Union
烏克蘭格裏夫納樣幣 烏克蘭格裏夫納鑄幣

烏克蘭格裏夫納鑄幣